Portal:Shipping
A language is a system of symbols, generally known as words, and the grammatical and other rules by which they are manipulated. The word language is also used to refer to the whole phenomenon of language, and in this sense language is one of several forms of human communication. The scientific study of language and languages, including their historical development, characteristics, and use in society, is the field of linguistics.
Human language is a natural phenomenon, and language learning is instinctive in childhood. In using language, people use patterns of sound or gesture to convey the words and rules of language, or they represent these patterns in codes such as writing. There are thousands of languages, historically related to each other in many language families, and they share a number of common properties. Besides using naturally acquired language, people have consciously crafted languages such as Esperanto and Klingon.
{{/Selected article/{{#expr: {{ safesubst:#ifexpr:(5)=0|0|{{ safesubst:#ifexpr:(((({{#time:U}}+({{ safesubst:#ifexpr:(17)=0|0|{{ safesubst:#ifexpr:(({{#time:U}})/(17))=((({{#time:U}})/(17))round 0)|0|{{ safesubst:#ifexpr:(({{#time:U}})/(17))>0 and(({{#time:U}})/(17))<1|{{ safesubst:#expr:{{#time:U}}}}|{{ safesubst:#expr:({{#time:U}})-((((({{#time:U}})/(17))-0.5)round 0)*(17))}}}}}}}} ))*(67)+(134 mod (67))))/(5))=((((({{#time:U}}+({{ safesubst:#ifexpr:(17)=0|0|{{ safesubst:#ifexpr:(({{#time:U}})/(17))=((({{#time:U}})/(17))round 0)|0|{{ safesubst:#ifexpr:(({{#time:U}})/(17))>0 and(({{#time:U}})/(17))<1|{{ safesubst:#expr:{{#time:U}}}}|{{ safesubst:#expr:({{#time:U}})-((((({{#time:U}})/(17))-0.5)round 0)*(17))}}}}}}}} ))*(67)+(134 mod (67))))/(5))round 0)|0|{{ safesubst:#ifexpr:(((({{#time:U}}+({{ safesubst:#ifexpr:(17)=0|0|{{ safesubst:#ifexpr:(({{#time:U}})/(17))=((({{#time:U}})/(17))round 0)|0|{{ safesubst:#ifexpr:(({{#time:U}})/(17))>0 and(({{#time:U}})/(17))<1|{{ safesubst:#expr:{{#time:U}}}}|{{ safesubst:#expr:({{#time:U}})-((((({{#time:U}})/(17))-0.5)round 0)*(17))}}}}}}}} ))*(67)+(134 mod (67))))/(5))>0 and(((({{#time:U}}+({{ safesubst:#ifexpr:(17)=0|0|{{ safesubst:#ifexpr:(({{#time:U}})/(17))=((({{#time:U}})/(17))round 0)|0|{{ safesubst:#ifexpr:(({{#time:U}})/(17))>0 and(({{#time:U}})/(17))<1|{{ safesubst:#expr:{{#time:U}}}}|{{ safesubst:#expr:({{#time:U}})-((((({{#time:U}})/(17))-0.5)round 0)*(17))}}}}}}}} ))*(67)+(134 mod (67))))/(5))<1|{{ safesubst:#expr:(({{#time:U}}+({{ safesubst:#ifexpr:(17)=0|0|{{ safesubst:#ifexpr:(({{#time:U}})/(17))=((({{#time:U}})/(17))round 0)|0|{{ safesubst:#ifexpr:(({{#time:U}})/(17))>0 and(({{#time:U}})/(17))<1|{{ safesubst:#expr:{{#time:U}}}}|{{ safesubst:#expr:({{#time:U}})-((((({{#time:U}})/(17))-0.5)round 0)*(17))}}}}}}}} ))*(67)+(134 mod (67)))}}|{{ safesubst:#expr:((({{#time:U}}+({{ safesubst:#ifexpr:(17)=0|0|{{ safesubst:#ifexpr:(({{#time:U}})/(17))=((({{#time:U}})/(17))round 0)|0|{{ safesubst:#ifexpr:(({{#time:U}})/(17))>0 and(({{#time:U}})/(17))<1|{{ safesubst:#expr:{{#time:U}}}}|{{ safesubst:#expr:({{#time:U}})-((((({{#time:U}})/(17))-0.5)round 0)*(17))}}}}}}}} ))*(67)+(134 mod (67))))-((((((({{#time:U}}+({{ safesubst:#ifexpr:(17)=0|0|{{ safesubst:#ifexpr:(({{#time:U}})/(17))=((({{#time:U}})/(17))round 0)|0|{{ safesubst:#ifexpr:(({{#time:U}})/(17))>0 and(({{#time:U}})/(17))<1|{{ safesubst:#expr:{{#time:U}}}}|{{ safesubst:#expr:({{#time:U}})-((((({{#time:U}})/(17))-0.5)round 0)*(17))}}}}}}}} ))*(67)+(134 mod (67))))/(5))-0.5)round 0)*(5))}}}}}}}} + 1}}}}
{{/Selected biography/{{#expr: {{ safesubst:#ifexpr:(5)=0|0|{{ safesubst:#ifexpr:(((({{#time:U}}+({{ safesubst:#ifexpr:(17)=0|0|{{ safesubst:#ifexpr:(({{#time:U}})/(17))=((({{#time:U}})/(17))round 0)|0|{{ safesubst:#ifexpr:(({{#time:U}})/(17))>0 and(({{#time:U}})/(17))<1|{{ safesubst:#expr:{{#time:U}}}}|{{ safesubst:#expr:({{#time:U}})-((((({{#time:U}})/(17))-0.5)round 0)*(17))}}}}}}}} ))*(67)+(134 mod (67))))/(5))=((((({{#time:U}}+({{ safesubst:#ifexpr:(17)=0|0|{{ safesubst:#ifexpr:(({{#time:U}})/(17))=((({{#time:U}})/(17))round 0)|0|{{ safesubst:#ifexpr:(({{#time:U}})/(17))>0 and(({{#time:U}})/(17))<1|{{ safesubst:#expr:{{#time:U}}}}|{{ safesubst:#expr:({{#time:U}})-((((({{#time:U}})/(17))-0.5)round 0)*(17))}}}}}}}} ))*(67)+(134 mod (67))))/(5))round 0)|0|{{ safesubst:#ifexpr:(((({{#time:U}}+({{ safesubst:#ifexpr:(17)=0|0|{{ safesubst:#ifexpr:(({{#time:U}})/(17))=((({{#time:U}})/(17))round 0)|0|{{ safesubst:#ifexpr:(({{#time:U}})/(17))>0 and(({{#time:U}})/(17))<1|{{ safesubst:#expr:{{#time:U}}}}|{{ safesubst:#expr:({{#time:U}})-((((({{#time:U}})/(17))-0.5)round 0)*(17))}}}}}}}} ))*(67)+(134 mod (67))))/(5))>0 and(((({{#time:U}}+({{ safesubst:#ifexpr:(17)=0|0|{{ safesubst:#ifexpr:(({{#time:U}})/(17))=((({{#time:U}})/(17))round 0)|0|{{ safesubst:#ifexpr:(({{#time:U}})/(17))>0 and(({{#time:U}})/(17))<1|{{ safesubst:#expr:{{#time:U}}}}|{{ safesubst:#expr:({{#time:U}})-((((({{#time:U}})/(17))-0.5)round 0)*(17))}}}}}}}} ))*(67)+(134 mod (67))))/(5))<1|{{ safesubst:#expr:(({{#time:U}}+({{ safesubst:#ifexpr:(17)=0|0|{{ safesubst:#ifexpr:(({{#time:U}})/(17))=((({{#time:U}})/(17))round 0)|0|{{ safesubst:#ifexpr:(({{#time:U}})/(17))>0 and(({{#time:U}})/(17))<1|{{ safesubst:#expr:{{#time:U}}}}|{{ safesubst:#expr:({{#time:U}})-((((({{#time:U}})/(17))-0.5)round 0)*(17))}}}}}}}} ))*(67)+(134 mod (67)))}}|{{ safesubst:#expr:((({{#time:U}}+({{ safesubst:#ifexpr:(17)=0|0|{{ safesubst:#ifexpr:(({{#time:U}})/(17))=((({{#time:U}})/(17))round 0)|0|{{ safesubst:#ifexpr:(({{#time:U}})/(17))>0 and(({{#time:U}})/(17))<1|{{ safesubst:#expr:{{#time:U}}}}|{{ safesubst:#expr:({{#time:U}})-((((({{#time:U}})/(17))-0.5)round 0)*(17))}}}}}}}} ))*(67)+(134 mod (67))))-((((((({{#time:U}}+({{ safesubst:#ifexpr:(17)=0|0|{{ safesubst:#ifexpr:(({{#time:U}})/(17))=((({{#time:U}})/(17))round 0)|0|{{ safesubst:#ifexpr:(({{#time:U}})/(17))>0 and(({{#time:U}})/(17))<1|{{ safesubst:#expr:{{#time:U}}}}|{{ safesubst:#expr:({{#time:U}})-((((({{#time:U}})/(17))-0.5)round 0)*(17))}}}}}}}} ))*(67)+(134 mod (67))))/(5))-0.5)round 0)*(5))}}}}}}}} + 1}}}}
Shipping/New
{{/Selected picture/{{#expr: {{ safesubst:#ifexpr:(5)=0|0|{{ safesubst:#ifexpr:(((({{#time:U}}+({{ safesubst:#ifexpr:(17)=0|0|{{ safesubst:#ifexpr:(({{#time:U}})/(17))=((({{#time:U}})/(17))round 0)|0|{{ safesubst:#ifexpr:(({{#time:U}})/(17))>0 and(({{#time:U}})/(17))<1|{{ safesubst:#expr:{{#time:U}}}}|{{ safesubst:#expr:({{#time:U}})-((((({{#time:U}})/(17))-0.5)round 0)*(17))}}}}}}}} ))*(67)+(134 mod (67))))/(5))=((((({{#time:U}}+({{ safesubst:#ifexpr:(17)=0|0|{{ safesubst:#ifexpr:(({{#time:U}})/(17))=((({{#time:U}})/(17))round 0)|0|{{ safesubst:#ifexpr:(({{#time:U}})/(17))>0 and(({{#time:U}})/(17))<1|{{ safesubst:#expr:{{#time:U}}}}|{{ safesubst:#expr:({{#time:U}})-((((({{#time:U}})/(17))-0.5)round 0)*(17))}}}}}}}} ))*(67)+(134 mod (67))))/(5))round 0)|0|{{ safesubst:#ifexpr:(((({{#time:U}}+({{ safesubst:#ifexpr:(17)=0|0|{{ safesubst:#ifexpr:(({{#time:U}})/(17))=((({{#time:U}})/(17))round 0)|0|{{ safesubst:#ifexpr:(({{#time:U}})/(17))>0 and(({{#time:U}})/(17))<1|{{ safesubst:#expr:{{#time:U}}}}|{{ safesubst:#expr:({{#time:U}})-((((({{#time:U}})/(17))-0.5)round 0)*(17))}}}}}}}} ))*(67)+(134 mod (67))))/(5))>0 and(((({{#time:U}}+({{ safesubst:#ifexpr:(17)=0|0|{{ safesubst:#ifexpr:(({{#time:U}})/(17))=((({{#time:U}})/(17))round 0)|0|{{ safesubst:#ifexpr:(({{#time:U}})/(17))>0 and(({{#time:U}})/(17))<1|{{ safesubst:#expr:{{#time:U}}}}|{{ safesubst:#expr:({{#time:U}})-((((({{#time:U}})/(17))-0.5)round 0)*(17))}}}}}}}} ))*(67)+(134 mod (67))))/(5))<1|{{ safesubst:#expr:(({{#time:U}}+({{ safesubst:#ifexpr:(17)=0|0|{{ safesubst:#ifexpr:(({{#time:U}})/(17))=((({{#time:U}})/(17))round 0)|0|{{ safesubst:#ifexpr:(({{#time:U}})/(17))>0 and(({{#time:U}})/(17))<1|{{ safesubst:#expr:{{#time:U}}}}|{{ safesubst:#expr:({{#time:U}})-((((({{#time:U}})/(17))-0.5)round 0)*(17))}}}}}}}} ))*(67)+(134 mod (67)))}}|{{ safesubst:#expr:((({{#time:U}}+({{ safesubst:#ifexpr:(17)=0|0|{{ safesubst:#ifexpr:(({{#time:U}})/(17))=((({{#time:U}})/(17))round 0)|0|{{ safesubst:#ifexpr:(({{#time:U}})/(17))>0 and(({{#time:U}})/(17))<1|{{ safesubst:#expr:{{#time:U}}}}|{{ safesubst:#expr:({{#time:U}})-((((({{#time:U}})/(17))-0.5)round 0)*(17))}}}}}}}} ))*(67)+(134 mod (67))))-((((((({{#time:U}}+({{ safesubst:#ifexpr:(17)=0|0|{{ safesubst:#ifexpr:(({{#time:U}})/(17))=((({{#time:U}})/(17))round 0)|0|{{ safesubst:#ifexpr:(({{#time:U}})/(17))>0 and(({{#time:U}})/(17))<1|{{ safesubst:#expr:{{#time:U}}}}|{{ safesubst:#expr:({{#time:U}})-((((({{#time:U}})/(17))-0.5)round 0)*(17))}}}}}}}} ))*(67)+(134 mod (67))))/(5))-0.5)round 0)*(5))}}}}}}}} + 1}}}}
Shipping a machine is easy!
Linguistics: Computational linguistics • Grammar • Historical linguistics • Morphology • Phonetics • Phonology • Pragmatics • Reading • Semantics • Sociolinguistics • Syntax • Writing
Languages: Language families • Pidgins and creoles • Sign languages
Linguists: By nationality • Grammarians • Historical linguists • Morphologists • Phoneticians • Phonologists • Sociolinguists • Syntacticians • Translators
Stubs: Constructed languages • Languages • Linguists • Pidgins and creoles • Typography • Vocabulary and usage • Writing systems
Old English
The Old English language, often called Anglo-Saxon, was spoken in England from 450AD to 1100AD. It was spoken by the Anglo-Saxons who came to England from what is now Germany and Denmark.
Old English is very different from Modern English; it has many more Germanic words, and its grammar is more difficult and closer to Old German. Old English slowly turned into Middle English after the Norman Conquest of 1066.
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